Laparoscopic Approaches versus Open Surgery in Acute Abdominal Diseases: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes, Recovery Time, and Complications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2009-3578.2026v12n1p265-286Keywords:
Laparoscopic surgery, Open Surgery, Acute Appendicitis, Acute Cholecystitis, Systematic Review, Clinical OutcomesAbstract
The study aims to compare the outcomes of surgical approaches in cases of acute abdomen, specifically acute appendicitis and acute cholecystitis, between open and laparoscopic procedures. A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, through searches in the MEDLINE, PUBMED, LILACS, and Cochrane Library databases, covering publications from January 2015 to March 2025. Randomized clinical trials and cohort studies that directly compared both techniques and presented their outcomes were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for observational studies and the PEDro scale for clinical trials. A total of 13 studies were selected for review. The results show an increased operative time for laparoscopy compared to open surgery; however, significant improvements were observed in terms of reduced hospital stay, lower incidence of surgical site infections, and earlier return to daily activities. It is concluded that, despite the slight increase in operative time, the laparoscopic approach offers significant clinical advantages, particularly regarding morbidity and recovery, supporting its preference in centers with appropriate infrastructure and experienced teams. Nevertheless, further multicenter studies are needed to consolidate these findings, especially in complicated cases.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Carlos Emanuel Sousa, Ana Carolina Santos, Luciana Constantino Silvestre, Lucas Felipe Silva, Caio Henrique Alves, Lauanda Gomes, João Carlos Neto, Athos Adriano Costa, Monica Borchart Nicolau, Tuane Carolina Ferreira
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