APLICACIÓN DE LA INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL EN LA DETECCIÓN DEL ALZHEIMER MEDIANTE RESONANCIA MAGNÉTICA: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA

Autores/as

  • Michel Cardoso da Costa Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein
  • Ana Paula Viera Nunes Laporta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36557/2009-3578.2025v11n2p835-854

Palabras clave:

nfermedad de Alzheimer; Inteligencia Artificial; Resonancia Magnética; Aprendizaje Profundo; Diagnóstico por Imagen.

Resumen

Objetivo: Evaluar la aplicación de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en la detección de la Enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) mediante Resonancia Magnética (MRI) a través de una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Métodos: Revisión sistemática siguiendo el protocolo PRISMA, buscando en las bases de datos PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus y Web of Science, seleccionando artículos Qualis A publicados entre 2022-2025. Se aplicaron estrictos criterios de inclusión/exclusión y evaluación de la calidad metodológica mediante AMSTAR 2. Resultados: Se incluyeron cinco estudios en la síntesis cualitativa y tres en la síntesis cuantitativa. Las técnicas de aprendizaje profundo, especialmente las Redes Neuronales Convolucionales (CNN), demostraron una precisión superior (89%) en comparación con los métodos tradicionales de aprendizaje automático (76-86%) en la clasificación de la EA frente a controles normales. La IA Explicable (XAI) surgió como un enfoque prometedor para la interpretabilidad. Los biomarcadores identificados incluyen atrofia hipocampal, hiperintensidades de la sustancia blanca y alteraciones en la conectividad funcional. Conclusión: La IA representa una herramienta prometedora para el diagnóstico de EA mediante resonancia magnética, pero requiere estudios multicéntricos con una validación externa sólida para una implementación clínica efectiva.

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Publicado

2025-07-24

Cómo citar

Cardoso da Costa, M., & Viera Nunes Laporta, A. P. (2025). APLICACIÓN DE LA INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL EN LA DETECCIÓN DEL ALZHEIMER MEDIANTE RESONANCIA MAGNÉTICA: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA. INTERFERENCE: A JOURNAL OF AUDIO CULTURE, 11(2), 835–854. https://doi.org/10.36557/2009-3578.2025v11n2p835-854

Número

Vol. 11 Núm. 2 (2025): IJAC - QUALIS A2

Sección

Revisão Sistemática

Licencia

Derechos de autor 2025 Michel Cardoso da Costa, Ana Paula Laporta

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