Childhood Trauma And The Emergence Of Psychopathic Traits

A Theoretical Approach.

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the relationship between childhood trauma and the emergence of psychopathic traits in adulthood. Personality is understood as a complex system of psychological functions influenced by biological and environmental factors. Psychopathy, classified within Antisocial Personality Disorder, is characterized by low empathy, manipulation, impulsivity, and disregard for social norms. The general objective of the study is to examine how early traumatic experiences may be associated with the development of this psychic structure. Methodologically, a qualitative and exploratory literature review was conducted using databases such as SciELO, LILACS, and PubMed, selecting 10 articles published between 2014 a 2024. The theoretical framework emphasizes that childhood is a critical period for subjective constitution, in which parental care provides the foundation for affective regulation. Severe environmental failures, such as physical abuse and neglect, disrupt the “continuity of being,” generating radical defenses such as splitting and identification with the aggressor. From a psychoanalytic perspective, trauma occurs when excessive external stimulation exceeds the symbolic capacity of the child’s psychic apparatus. The results indicate that, although genetic and neurobiological predispositions exist, the environment plays a decisive role in triggering or intensifying these traits. Early trauma and deprivation weaken the capacity to establish healthy bonds and a sense of guilt. It is concluded that psychopathy should be understood within a biopsychosocial model, integrating subjective and social aspects. Early identification of signs of distress and interventions that strengthen primary bonds are essential strategies to mitigate the development of severe psychopathologies and to promote healthy personality formation.