CASAS INTELIGENTES PARA PESSOAS COM ESCLEROSE LATERAL AMIOTRÓFICA (ELA): UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Introduction: People with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) face severe mobility and communication challenges, requiring technological solutions that promote greater autonomy in their home environment. Smart homes emerge as a promising alternative, using automated devices and assistive interfaces to facilitate interaction with the environment. This Systematic Literature Review (SLR) aimed to identify, analyze, and synthesize studies on the use of smart homes for people with ALS, highlighting the main technologies employed and their contributions to the autonomy of these individuals. Methods: The review was conducted following the PRISMA and Kitchenham guidelines, covering articles published between 2019 and 2023, in the ACM Digital Library, IEEE Digital Library, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus databases. The articles were analyzed based on the PICOC criteria and four quality criteria, evaluating Means of Interaction, Devices Used, Experiment Characteristics, and Participants. Results: The initial screening identified 290 studies, of which 11 studies met the inclusion and quality criteria. The most commonly used means of interaction were Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) and Eye Control, each used in 45.45% of the studies. The most commonly described devices were smart bulbs in 45.45% of the studies, while switches, motion sensors and TVs/appliances in 18.18% of the studies. Only 36.36% of the studies effectively included people with ALS in the experiments, while the remaining studies used healthy volunteers or simulations. Discussion/Conclusions: The results indicate that smart homes can significantly improve the autonomy and well-being of people with ALS. However, the lack of clinical trials with patients and the limited description of connected devices are considerable limitations. Future work should prioritize the practical evaluation of these technologies and increase the participation of people with ALS in the studies to validate the effectiveness of the proposed solutions.