Desempenho de bactérias diazotróficas aplicadas em tratamento de sementes e foliar na cultura do milho no Arenito Caiuá
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2009-3578.2025v11n2p3081-3110Keywords:
Zea mays L., co-inoculation, growth-promoting bacteria, sustainable agricultureAbstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of seed inoculation and foliar application of Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus megaterium, isolated alone or in combination, on corn vegetative and productive characteristics in the Northwest Region of Parana State. The study was conducted in two crop seasons, in split-plots experiment, in what the main plots consisted of seed treatments and subplots consisted of foliar application or not. Four seed treatments were used [control; Azospirillum; P solubilizer (B. subtilis and B. megaterium); Azospirillum brasiliense + P solubilizer] and foliar applications (with and without Azospirillum brasiliense) in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Morphological and agronomic variables related to grain yield and chlorophyll content was evaluated. In Trial 1, co-inoculation associated with foliar application showed the highest ear dry mass (135.24 g) and stalk dry mass (324.32 g), surpassing the control by 86% and 25%, respectively. Stalk diameter reached 29.69 mm compared to 23.36 mm in control, while ear length was around 13.36 cm. In Trial 2, ear dry mass reached values of 198.22 g compared to 95.70 g and stalk dry mass was 310.41 g, with foliar application in contrast to values of 121.94 g without application, in addition to an ear length of 22.33 cm, up to 10% higher than control. These results demonstrate that the combination of seed inoculation with Bacillus and foliar application with A. brasiliense enhances the agronomic performance of corn crops, promoting gains in biomass and biometric variables, with consistency between harvests and the potential to reduce the use of mineral fertilizers.
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