Visual Color Assessment of Monochromatic vs. Polychromatic Composites: An In Vitro Color Stability Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2009-3578.2025v11n2p2044-2062Keywords:
Composite resins, Color perception, Dental aesthetics.Abstract
Introduction: Modern dentistry seeks durable and esthetic restorative materials, yet the color stability of composite resins, particularly after aging in an aqueous medium, remains a challenge. This study examines the effect of aging in distilled water on the color stability of monochromatic and polychromatic composite resins, with the goal of understanding their differential performance. Objective: To compare the effect of aging in distilled water on the color stability of a monochromatic (Omnichroma) and a polychromatic (Filtek Z350 XT) composite resin, evaluating which material maintains better performance over time. Methodology: Fifteen sound human third molars were selected and prepared with Class V cavities. The restorations were performed using either monochromatic resin (Omnichroma) in one group or polychromatic resin (Filtek Z350 XT) in another. The teeth were subjected to aging in distilled water at 37°C for three periods: 5, 10, and 30 days. Color was assessed visually using the VITA Classical shade guide at four time points: T0 (baseline, before aging), T5 (5 days), T10 (10 days), and T30 (30 days). The evaluation was conducted by two blinded examiners, and the data were statistically analyzed using Jamovi software. Results: The polychromatic resin (Z350 XT) demonstrated a significant variation in color match over time (p < 0.05), achieving its best visual performance at 10 days of aging (T10). The monochromatic resin (Omnichroma) showed no statistically significant variation among the evaluated periods, suggesting greater color stability. However, the visual assessment revealed low inter-examiner agreement (Kappa = 0.116; p = 0.175), indicating the subjectivity and limitations of the analysis method. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, particularly the low reproducibility of the visual evaluation, the monochromatic resin Omnichroma demonstrated superior color stability after aging in distilled water. In contrast, the polychromatic resin Z350 XT exhibited a transient improvement in color match. The low agreement between examiners underscores the need for objective methods for color analysis in future research.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Maria Fernanda Braga Domingues, Katyeli Regina Boufleuher Foltz, Fabiane Vincenzi Camatti, Renata Scholl Engroff, Sofia Isadora Cielo, Ana Júlia Bredt, Nicolas Zanini Silveira, Márcio José Mendonça, Veridiana Camilotti, Julio Katuhide Ueda
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